"MIRACL-FS, University of Sfax" "Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science" "Division of Computer Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do" "The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, The Tel-Aviv University" "Deparment of Computing, Imperial College London, UK" "University of Toronto, 6 Kings College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4 CANADA" "SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, India" "BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA" "IIE, Universidad de la Rep ublica, Uruguay. 2ECE, Duke University, USA" "SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai-603 203, Tamilnadu, India" "School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, UK" Stevens Institute of Technology Adobe Systems Inc "College of Computers and Information Systems, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA" "ITCS, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing" Tomas Bata University in Zl n "School of Computing and Info. Sciences, Florida International University" "Numediart Institute, University of Mons" in the College of Engineering and Computer Science "Pursuing M.Tech, Caarmel Engineering College, MG University, Kerala, India" The University of Queensland in "University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania, Address Splaiul Independent ei" M. Mark Everingham University of Leeds "CVIP Lab, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA" "School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand" "University of Shef eld, Regent Court, 211 Portobello, Shef eld" "Babes Bolyai University, 58-60 Teodor Mihali, C333, Cluj Napoca" "Faculty of Telecommunications, Technical University, Sofia, Bulgaria" "University of Science, VNU-HCMC, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam" "RoboticsResearchGroup, UniversityofOxford, Oxford, UK" "School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China" "BECS, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland" "Beihang University 2Gri th University 3University of York, UK" "School of Comm. and Info. Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecom., Beijing China" Tsinghua-CUHK Joint Research Center for Media Sciences Sabanc University "Viswajyothi College of Engineering and Technology Kerala, India" "Fudan University, 2Microsoft Research Asia, 3University of Maryland" "School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham" "Advanced Digital Sciences Center (ADSC), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Singapore" "University at Buffalo, SUNY" "University of Maryland, Center for Automation Research" "MRC Laboratory For Molecular Cell Biology, University College London" "IslamicAzad University, Qazvin, Iran" KIT University of the State of Baden-W rttemberg and National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association "Research Center E. Piaggio , University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 2 Faculty of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy" "University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia" This article was downloaded from Harvard University s DASH "Program of Computational Science and Engineering, Bo gazi ci University" "Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain" "DISI, University of Trento, Italy" College of Information Engineering "Faculty of Information Technology, Barrett Hodgson University, Karachi, Pakistan" "bUniversity of Nottingham, School of Computer Science, Nottingham, UK" "P. O. Box 4500 FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland" University of California at Berkeley / ICSI "Intelligent User Interfaces Lab, Ko c University, Turkey" "Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China" Honda Fundamental Research Labs "Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre and Grif th School of Engineering, Grif th University" "Division of IT Convergence, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology" "University of Zaragoza, Spain" "Assam University, Silchar-788011 Assam University, Silchar" "School of Computer Software, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China" "University of Alicante, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain" "Grif th University, QLD, Australia" "Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Signal Processing Institute" "Lab, University College London, London WC1H 0AP, UK. 3Clinical" "Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA" "Asian University, Taichung, Taiwan" "The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA" "Sapienza University of Rome, Italy" "University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy" "Centre for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia" Sponsors: Machine Intelligence Research Labs (MIR Labs "University of S ao Paulo - USP, S ao Paulo - Brazil" "Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego" "Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA" "University of Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 585, 08007 Barcelona, Spain" University of Cagliari "LIP6, UPMC - Sorbonne University, Paris, France" "Baidu Research, USA 3John Hopkins University" "Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia" "Computer Vision Laboratory, The University of Nottingham" "L3S Research Center, Hannover, Germany" "Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS" "School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China" "a Institute of Anatomy I, School of Medicine, Friedrich Schiller University, Germany" "he University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam" "bSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China" "image being generated by the model, include Active Appearance" "Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain" "Institute of Advanced Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing" "Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213. USA" "f Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania" "School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck College, University of London" "Queen Mary, University of London" University of Sfax SUS college of Engineering and Technology "School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK" "Faculty of Information Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam" College of Information Science and Engineering "Facial expression gures prominently in research on almost every aspect of emotion, including psychophys" "Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego" "Proto Labs, Inc" Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences ATR Interpreting Telecommunications Research Laboratories Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS "Chalmers University of Technology, SAFER" "Computer Vision Research Group, COMSATS Institute of Information" "TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China" "School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, U.K" "Suhaila N. Mohammed, Baghdad University, College of Science, Baghdad, Iraq" "The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong" "St. Xavier s Catholic College of Engineering, Nagercoil, India" "Applied computing and mechanics laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland" "Human-friendly Welfare Robotic System Engineering Research Center, KAIST" Language Technologies Institute Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology Islamabad "Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science at Cardi University, July 24th" "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tr za ska 25, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia" Northwestern University) to T.E. We thank Vincent De Gardelle for helpful comments on an earlier version of "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tr za ska cesta 25, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia" "HOD, St. Joseph College of Information Technology, Songea, Tanzania" "Birkbeck College, University of London" "The Image Processing and Analysis Lab (LAPI), Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania" "School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone" Nokia Bell Labs and University of Oxford "PG Scholar, Dr.Pauls Engineering College, Villupuram District, Tamilnadu, India" "VISLab, EBUII-216, University of California Riverside" "University of Waterloo, Waterloo ON N2L3G1, Canada" "Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA" "Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan" "Computer Science and Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, India" "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" "Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt" "to visually detectable changes in facial appearance, including blushing and tears. These" "Institute of Anthropomatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany" "Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey" "Computer Science Division, The Open University of Israel" "Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ve cna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana" "Facebook AI Research, 2Dartmouth College" "Computer Science, Engineering and Mathematics School, Flinders University, Australia" "Seattle Paci c University, Seattle, WA 98119-1957, USA" "Key Lab. of Machine Perception, School of EECS, Peking University" "Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand" "The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel" Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from cid:63)Stanford University "The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University" "School of Computer and Information Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Henan, Nanyang, 473000, P.R" "Institute of Informatics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469, TURKEY" State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS University of Siegen "Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States" "M.Tech, Information Technology, Madras Institute of Technology, TamilNadu, India" "cid:2)Honda RandD Americas, Inc., Boston, MA, USA" tional Taipei University for his help in performing simulations. The author would like to thank Mr. Ming "Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Russia" "USC IRIS Lab, University of Southern California" "Teaching Affairs Office, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China" "EEMCS, University of Twente, Netherlands" "puter Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore (e-mails" "School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China" "Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Memphis" "Held at R.C.Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharastra, India" "Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania" "Machine Intelligence Lab (MIL), Cambridge University" "Co-Guide, Computer Science, Shah and Anchor Kuttchi Engineering College, Mumbai, India" "Nanjing, 210023, China, 4 School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and" "School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China" "ISTMT, University of Tunis El Manar Address: 9, Rue Docteur Zouhe r Safi 1006; 3Faculty of Medicine of Tunis; Address" "CAS), Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, 100190, China" "ACRV, The Australian National University University of Oxford QUVA Lab, University of Amsterdam" "Technology, University of Oradea 410087, Universitatii 1, Romania" "University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom" facultyofmathematicsandnaturalsciencesarti cialintelligence22-09-2016|1ATitleA.UthorRijksuniversiteitGroningenSomeFaculty "Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology" "School of Computer Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea" "Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 3The Wellcome" "Calgary, 2500 University Dr., N.W. Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4. Tel" "Governance, Keio University" "cid:63)Queen Mary University of London, Imperial College London" "RGPV University, Indore" "Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab on Speech and Image Information Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an, China" Honda Research Institute "cid:5)School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. 47907, USA" Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology "University of Twente, EEMCS, Netherlands" "School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China" "University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign University of California, San Diego" "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece" "School of Data of Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, P.R. China" "Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A" "Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ" "Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand" "Center for Arti cial Vision Research, Korea University" "Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 203-103 B/D 192, Yakdae-Dong" "Technical University of Munich, Germany" "City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China" "Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA" "School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, United Kingdom" "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia" "Ponti cal Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil" "School of Computer Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China" Institute of Deep Learning "Institute of Information Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P.R. China" "Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA" "FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland" "Computer Vision Group, L. D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad, India" "Arts Media and Engineering, Arizona State University" University of Beira Interior "Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta" Ho Chi Minh City University of "Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan" "National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC" "USC Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), Los Angeles, CA" "New York University Shanghai, 1555 Century Ave, Pudong" Facebook 4Texas AandM University 5IBM Research "Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland" yAristotle University of Thessaloniki "School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Caoan Road 4800, Shanghai" "CVSSP, University of Surrey" ShahidBeheshti University "Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers" "Sichuan Fine Arts Institute, Chongqing, China" "tion [11, 10] is making possible very large scale visual recognition both in my own ongoing work, including" "Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications" National Institute of Development Administration "EEMCS, University of Twente, The Netherlands" UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (http://dare.uva.nl "College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China" "and bDivision of Engineering and Applied Sciences 136-93, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA" Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences "School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China" "School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland" "Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Portugal" "Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong" "Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland" "Japan, 2 Center for Special Needs Education, Nara University of Education, Nara-shi, Nara" University of Science and Technology Beijing "Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA" Nam k Kemal University University of Colorado at Colorado Springs University of Freiburg "DESTEC, FLSHR Mohammed V University-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco" "College of Science, Menou a University, Menou a 32721, Egypt" Interactive and Digital Media Institute "College of Computer and Information Science, Northeastern University, MA, USA" "School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei" "Research Groups on Intelligent Machines, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia" National Institute of Advanced Industrial USC Institute for Creative Technologies "University of Canberra, Australia, Data61 - CSIRO and ANU, Australia" Institute for Vision Systems Engineering "DCMandB, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA 4 SCS, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA" "School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore" eBay Research Labs "Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Utrecht, The" Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI "Research Institute of Shenzhen, Wuhan University, Shenzhen, China" "and Modeling, Rutgers University" "Institute of Computing, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil, e-mail: ander" "National Institute of Informatics, Japan" "Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, India" UniversityofMaryland "Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China, 3 SYSU-CMU Shunde International" "Caarmel Engineering College, MG University, Kerala, India" "Universitat Polit cnica de Catalunya, 6 University of Vigo, 7 LIUM, University of Maine" "Computer Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor" "J. P. College of Engineering, India" "Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, 4 The Queensland Brain Institute, The" "Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis (CMVS), University of Oulu, Finland" "iCV Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia" "Engineering Institute, Autonomous University of Baja California, Blvd. Benito Ju rez" Technical University of Kaiserslautern "M.Tech Student, SSG Engineering College, Odisha, India" "learning. As a result of this research, many applications, including video surveillance systems" Taizhou University "Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK" "China Mobile Research Institute, Xuanwu Men West Street, Beijing" "Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom, 3 Abertawe Bro-Morgannwg" "Multimodal Computing and Interaction, Saarland University, Germany" "School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China" "Intelligent Systems Group, University of Groningen, The Netherlands" "Center for Automation Research, UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA" "College of software, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing" "Vision and Sensing, HCC Lab, ESTeM, University of Canberra" "Computer Science and Arti cial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA" "P.A. 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For further information contact the UOW "Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Street, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietman" College of Computer Science and Technology "Coordinated Science Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign" Gangnung-Wonju National University "Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China" "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Box 451, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece" "cid:2)Imperial College London, U.K" "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China" "Cognitive Arti cial Intelligence, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 6, 3584 CD, Utrecht" "School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, P.R.China" "Friedrich Schiller University, D-07740 Jena" Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology "Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan" "Shenzhen Key Lab of CVPR, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology" "Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr ucken, Germany (MPI-INF.MPG.DE" B.S. 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R. China" "DSP Lab, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran" "J. P. College of Engineering, India" "National Laboratory on Machine Perception, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China" SUS college of Engineering and Technology "methods, including graph matching, optical- ow-based" "Turin, Italy, 3 Faculty of Humanities, Research Unit of Logopedics, Child Language Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu" "Michigan State University, NEC Laboratories America" "Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, 20156, Italy, 3 Applied Electronics" "The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel" "School of Information Engineering, Guangdong Medical College, Song Shan Hu" "Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China" M. Mark Everingham University of Leeds University of California at San Diego "Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China" "PG Scholar, Dr.Pauls Engineering College, Villupuram District, Tamilnadu, India" "Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of" "Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A" "Pathological anxiety is associated with disrupted cognitive processing, including working memory and" "Carnegie Mellon University, Electrical and Computer Engineering" "Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China" University of Sfax "Arts, Commerce and Science College, Gangakhed, M.S, India" "Sejong University, 98 Gunja, Gwangjin, Seoul 143-747, Korea" "Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China" "Arti cial Intelligence Institute, China" "bFaculty of Engineering, International Islamic University, Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia" "University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia" "AncyRijaV, Author is currently pursuing M.E (Software Engineering) in Vins Christian College of" "The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China" "Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore" U.S. Army Research Laboratory "a Institute of Anatomy I, School of Medicine, Friedrich Schiller University, Germany" "Texas AandM University, College Station, TX, USA" "Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 12210 Athens, Greece" "National University of Singapore Research Institute, Suzhou, China" "Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau" Nam k Kemal University "Doctor of Philosophy in Computing of Imperial College, February" "Shenzhen key lab of Comp. Vis. and Pat. Rec., Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS, China" "CNRS , Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences" "c Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom" "Psychology, American University" "H. He, Honkong Polytechnic University" College of Computer Science and Information Sciences College of Information and Electrical Engineering "ISTMT, Laboratory of Research in Biophysics and Medical Technologies LRBTM Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis" "recognition, such as human computer interfaces and e-services, including e-home" "Vision and Sensing, HCC, ESTeM, University of Canberra" "Laboratory for Human Brain Dynamics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wakoshi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan" "School of Software, Tianjin University" High Institute of Medical Technologies Funding was provided by the U.S. National Institutes of Mental "Center for Sensor Systems (ZESS) and Institute for Vision and Graphics#, University of Siegen" "Doctoral School of Automatic Control and Computers, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania" A Thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the at the University of Central Florida "School of Computing and Communications University of Technology, Sydney" "additional details of DCS descriptors, including visualization. For extending the evaluation" "University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK" Language Technologies Institute "System Research Center, NOKIA Research Center, Beijing, 100176, China" "Computer Vision for Human Computer Interaction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany" "Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, The Netherlands" "School of Computer Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology" "National Lab of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation" "Virudhunagar Hindu Nadars Senthikumara Nadar College, Virudhunagar" "Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology (Delhi, India" "Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego" "School of Optics and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing" "Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China" "Computational Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas" "Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P.R.C" "State Key Laboratory of CAD and CG, ZHE JIANG University, HangZhou, 310058 China" "Priyadarshini College of Engg, Nagpur, India" "Facial expression gures prominently in research on almost every aspect of emotion, including psychophys" "National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES-FAST), Islamabad, Pakistan" "Center for Healthy Aging, University of" "J. P. College of Engineering, India" Vietnam National University Ho Chi "Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ve cna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana" "Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China" UNIVERSITY OF OULU P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 UNIVERSITY OF OULU FINLAND "Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, T ubingen" "Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education" B.S./M.S. 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This study was supported in part Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database "GSCM-LRIT, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco" "applications has different requirements, including: processing time (off-line, on-line, or real-time" "School of Mathematical Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China" Institute of Deep Learning "Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Google Research, New York, NY" "National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C" "College of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnic University" "cid:3) School of Software, Tsinghua University" "Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wind Generator and Its Control, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, China" "of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia" "Augmented Vision Lab, Technical University Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany" "versity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam and University of Trento" "Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information" "Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health" "IES College of Technology, Bhopal" "Assistant Lecturer, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq" "Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 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E-mail" University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory B.S.Abdur Rahman University B.S.Abdur Rahman University "Vision and Fusion Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany" No Institute Given "Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" "The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China" "Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China" "Visual Geometry Group, University of Oxford, UK" "GREYC Laboratory, ENSICAEN - University of Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS" "Psychonomic Society, Inc" "B. 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These" The Chinese University ofHong Kong "University of Caen, France" "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore" "ESAT, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium" Tsinghua-CUHK Joint Research Center for Media Sciences ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories "Shenzhen Key Lab of CVPR, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology" "University of Verona, Verona, Italy" "University of Maryland, College Park, USA" "Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya, Columbia University" "Laboratory for Human Brain Dynamics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wakoshi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan" aInformation Sciences Institute "Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per., 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia" "face processing, including age (Berry, 1990), sex (Hill" "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, USA" "Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2Video Analysis Technologies, LLC" "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, China" Idiap Research Institute and EPF Lausanne "Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan" "Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China" "Carnegie Mellon University, CyLab Biometrics Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA" "Institute of Electrical Measurement and Measurement Signal Processing, TU Graz, Austria" "Machine Perception Laboratory, University of California, San Diego" "of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China" STANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY "Research Institute of Shenzhen, Wuhan University, Shenzhen, China" "Lotus Hill Institute for Computer Vision and Information Science, 436000, China" "School of E.C.E., National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, Greece" University Lecturer Veli-Matti Ulvinen "School of Software, Tianjin University" "Srm Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India" "Aditya institute of Technology and Management, Tekkalli-532 201, A.P" "University of Colorado at Colorado Springs and Securics, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO, USA" "Public University of Navarra, Spain" "c School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania" "Deparment of Computing, Imperial College London, UK" "Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University (Melaka Campus" UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCE DARMSTADT (FHD "Faculty of Computer, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran" "CNRS , Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences" "College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun" "Institute of Computing Technology, CAS" "aMILab, LCSEE, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA" "Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription" "School of Computing and Communications University of Technology, Sydney" "School of Management Engineering, Henan Institute of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, P.R. 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This thesis is entirely my own work, and, except" "Institute of Systems Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China" "Psychopharmacology Unit, Educational and Health Psychology, University College" "Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), 100190, China" "University of Southampton, UK, 2University of Warwick, UK" "Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University" "of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, University of Michigan, Ann" University of North Carolina Wilmington in Partial Ful llment "Vision and Sensing, HCC, ESTeM, University of Canberra" "Ph.D Research Scholar, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India" "State Key Laboratory of CAD and CG, ZHE JIANG University, HangZhou, 310058 China" U.S. Army Research Laboratory "ISTMT, Laboratory of Research in Biophysics and Medical Technologies LRBTM Higher Institute of Medical Technologies of Tunis" "Advanced Imaging Science, Multimedia, and Film Chung-Ang University, Seoul" "Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany" "Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science at Cardi University, July 24th" "School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an China" "Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ve cna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana" Nam k Kemal University "National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR), Institute of Automation" "Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, New York" "School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China" "SenseTime, 2Tsinghua University" UNIVERSITY OF OULU GRADUATE SCHOOL "Bo gazici University, Istanbul, TR" "aFaculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Technology MARA, Shah Alam, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia" "RTMNU Nagpur University, India" College of Computer Science and Information Sciences "Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A" "Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China" "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China" "School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand" "School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China" UNIVERSITY OF OULU P.O. 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As a result of this research, many applications, including video surveillance systems" "School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA" "M.S. (University of California, Berkeley" "Facial expression gures prominently in research on almost every aspect of emotion, including psychophys" "University of Szeged, 2 E tv s Lor nd University" at the University of Central Florida "Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P.R.C" "Australian National University, 2Smart Vision Systems, CSIRO, 3CVLab, EPFL" "Kulhare, Sourabh, ""Deep Learning for Semantic Video Understanding"" (2017). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. 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Many applications, including video surveillance systems" "a Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Market, Suite 380, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA" "QCIS, University of Technology, Sydney" "Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad" "Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China" "Shenzhen Key Lab of CVPR, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology" "Honda RandD Americas, Inc., Boston, MA, USA" "Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD" "Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg" "Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of" "Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, New York" A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial "Augmented Vision Lab, Technical University Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany" eBay Research Labs "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, USA" Multimedia Laboratory at The Chinese University of Hong Kong "Language Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA" "Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA" "IES College of Technology, Bhopal" "Centre for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems, FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, Australia" "College of Science, Menou a University, Menou a 32721, Egypt" "aIBM China Research Lab, Beijing, China" "Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and" "Center for Automation Research, UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park" "School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University" Institute for Human-Machine Communication University of Verona. 2Vienna Institute of Technology. 3ISTC CNR (Trento). 4University of Trento "Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, The Netherlands" "Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University" "the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam" Idiap Research Institute and EPF Lausanne "Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore" "c School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania" "Computer Vision for Human Computer Interaction, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany" "PG scholar, Communication Systems, Adhiyamaan College of Engineeing, Hosur, (India" "aCentre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India" "Integrated Research Center, Universit`a Campus Bio-Medico di Roma" "Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and" B.S.Abdur Rahman University B.S.Abdur Rahman University "Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom" eBay Research Labs "Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis (CMVS), University of Oulu, Finland" "College of Science, Menou a University, Menou a 32721, Egypt" K S Rangasamy College of Technology "School of Software, Tianjin University" "Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, China" "Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2Video Analysis Technologies, LLC" Stevens Institute of Technology Adobe Systems Inc "Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-844, Rep. of" "Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education" A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER "University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece" "Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg" A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial "SBK Women s University, Quetta, Balochistan" "School of Data of Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, P.R. China" "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, China" "University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece, 2 Computational Biomedicine" "University of Balochistan, Quetta" Multimedia Laboratory at The Chinese University of Hong Kong "cid:63)Sharif University of Technology, University College London, Queen Mary University of London" "Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science at Cardi University, July 24th" "Institute of Systems Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China" Honda Research Institute USA "c School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania" "C.L. Teo, University of Maryland" "National University of Singapore Research Institute, Suzhou, China" "Psychology, American University" "Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China" Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI "School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China" "Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK" "Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Bologna, Italy" "Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 12210 Athens, Greece" "Computer Information Systems, Missouri State University, 901 S. National, Springfield, MO 65804, USA" "Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur" "NICTA, and Australian National University" "IES College of Technology, Bhopal" "Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL" "Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore" "Research School of Engineering, The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia" "Institute of Electrical Measurement and Measurement Signal Processing, TU Graz, Austria" "Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health" "Center for Biometrics and Security Research and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences" "the Diploma of Imperial College London. This thesis is entirely my own work, and, except" "Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASIA" "Sichuan Fine Arts Institute, Chongqing, China" "University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada" "Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany" "National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR), Institute of Automation" "The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China" "Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China" "M.S. (University of California, Berkeley" "Ilmenau Technical University, P.O.Box 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany" "Faculty of Informatics, E otv os Lor and University, Budapest, Hungary" DICGIM - University of Palermo "School of Computing and Communications University of Technology, Sydney" USC Institute for Creative Technologies "Aditya institute of Technology and Management, Tekkalli-532 201, A.P" "Lecturer, Amity school of Engineering and Technology, Amity University, Haryana, India" "University Center of FEI, S ao Bernardo do Campo, Brazil" "Lotus Hill Institute for Computer Vision and Information Science, 436000, China" "Vision and Sensing, HCC Lab, ESTeM, University of Canberra" "Queen Mary, University of London, E1 4NS, UK" "CNRS , Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences" "Vision and Fusion Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany" "Facial expression gures prominently in research on almost every aspect of emotion, including psychophys" "Quanti ed Employee unit, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health" "National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C" "University of Shef eld, UK" "Inst. Neural Computation, University of California" "Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China" "University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A" "ICT-ISVISION Joint RandD Laboratory for Face Recognition, Institute of Computer Technology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences" "Dextro Robotics, Inc. 101 Avenue of the Americas, New York, USA" D.J. Sanghvi College of Engineering "Srm Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India" Carnegie Melon University Vietnam National University Ho Chi "Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, New York" "College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun" "J. P. College of Engineering, India" "Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications" "of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China" "Intelligent Information Engineering and Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan" "Queen Mary, University of London" "CVAP, KTH (Royal Institute of Technology), Stockholm, SE" University Lecturer Anu Soikkeli IstanbulTechnicalUniversity "aMILab, LCSEE, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA" "University of Siena, Siena, Italy" "Assistant Lecturer, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq" "Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon-Tyne NE21XE, UK" "System Research Center, NOKIA Research Center, Beijing, 100176, China" "and bDivision of Engineering and Applied Sciences 136-93, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA" "Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics Group, Delft University of Technology" "Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain" "University of Colorado at Colorado Springs and Securics, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO, USA" "to visually detectable changes in facial appearance, including blushing and tears. These" "School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA" "Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of" "Vision and Sensing, HCC, ESTeM, University of Canberra" "Computer Vision Laboratory, Link oping University, SE-581 83 Link oping, Sweden" Bo gazi ci University "Doctoral School of Automatic Control and Computers, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania" "Kulhare, Sourabh, ""Deep Learning for Semantic Video Understanding"" (2017). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed" B. S. Rochester Institute of Technology "Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan" Nam k Kemal University "Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan" "Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore" "University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (UMICH.EDU" "Ph.D Research Scholar, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India" "Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS" "Institute of Computing Technology, CAS" "School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China" "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China" "Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China" "GREYC Laboratory, ENSICAEN - University of Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS" "aFaculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Technology MARA, Shah Alam, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia" "Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), 100190, China" "College of Engineering, Purdue University" "Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, T ubingen" "Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, ESAT/VISICS" "School of E.C.E., National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, Greece" DAP - University of Sassari Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database "Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad" "Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China" "University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 2 Leiden University" "Research Institute of Shenzhen, Wuhan University, Shenzhen, China" "MIT, McGovern Institute, Center for Brains, Minds and Machines" "Center for Automation Research, UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park" "Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad [Autonomous" "Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA" "of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540. E-mail" "Institute for Arts, Science and Technology" "Psychonomic Society, Inc" "Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA" STANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY "Faculty of Computer, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran" Language Technologies Institute "Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau" "Graduate Institute ofNetworking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan" Funding was provided by the U.S. National Institutes of Mental "Minia University, Egypt" "North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND58105, USA" "School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China" College of Information and Electrical Engineering "Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per., 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia" "Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore" Institute for Vision Systems Engineering University of North Carolina Wilmington in Partial Ful llment "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, USA" "aImperial College London, London, UK" aInformation Sciences Institute "Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine" "Information Technology, Madras Institute of Technology, TamilNadu, India, email" "School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China" "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213, USA" "Graduate University of CAS, 100190, Beijing, China" "ESTeM, University of Canberra" "College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq" High Institute of Medical Technologies "the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong" Science and the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. This study was supported in part A Thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the "Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma-shi, Nara" "QCIS, University of Technology, Sydney" "Lille 1 University, France" UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCE DARMSTADT (FHD "Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore" "Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University" "Motorola China Research Center, Shanghai, 210000, P.R.China" "Priyadarshini College of Engg, Nagpur, India" AristotleUniversityofThessaloniki "Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD" "Author s addresses: Z. Li and D. Gong, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy" "Institute for Arts, Science and Technology" "School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 2 School of Psychology" STANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Funding was provided by the U.S. National Institutes of Mental "Augmented Vision Lab, Technical University Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany" "Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan" "Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore" "Graduate University of CAS, 100190, Beijing, China" K S Rangasamy College of Technology "Language Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA" "University of Verona, Verona, Italy" "Priyadarshini College of Engg, Nagpur, India" "National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES-FAST), Islamabad, Pakistan" "EIMT, Open University of" "School of Computer, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China" "a Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Market, Suite 380, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA" "School of Computing and Communications Infolab21, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK" "The American University In Cairo, Road 90, New Cairo, Cairo, Egypt" "Graduate Institute ofNetworking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan" "Sri SidarthaInstitute of Technology, Tumkur" "KU Phonetics and Psycholinguistics Lab, University of Kansas" "Institute of Electrical Measurement and Measurement Signal Processing, TU Graz, Austria" "University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada" "College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University" "School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China" "Toyota Technological Institute, Chicago (TTIC" "M.Tech, Sri Sunflower College of Engineering and Technology, Lankapalli" "Computer Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R.China" "MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff" "University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece" "aCentre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India" "College of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnic University" "Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription" "State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, China" "Institute for Electronics, Signal Processing and Communications" Bharath Institute of Science and Technology "National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR), Institute of Automation" "School of Computer, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China" "School of EECS, Queen Mary University of London" "C.L. Teo, University of Maryland" Technical University of Kaiserslautern "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213, USA" "Australian National University, 2Smart Vision Systems, CSIRO, 3CVLab, EPFL" "Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-844, Rep. of" "Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL" Idiap Research Institute and EPF Lausanne "Japan, 2 Center for Special Needs Education, Nara University of Education, Nara-shi, Nara" "Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom" "Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore" DICGIM - University of Palermo "Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University (Melaka Campus" "School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University" University of Verona. 2Vienna Institute of Technology. 3ISTC CNR (Trento). 4University of Trento "UMIACS | University of Maryland, College Park" "aCentre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India" "School of Computing and Communications University of Technology, Sydney" "Vision and Sensing, HCC Lab, ESTeM, University of Canberra" "College of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnic University" "Computer Science and Engineering, Easwari Engineering College, India" "National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian" "Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK" "Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany" "Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of" SAMSI and Duke University "School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore" "2 School of Computing, National University of Singapore" "Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 12210 Athens, Greece" "face processing, including age (Berry, 1990), sex (Hill" "J. P. College of Engineering, India" "Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore" "The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China" "recognition, such as human computer interfaces and e-services, including e-home" Science and the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. This study was supported in part "University of Basel, Departement Informatik, Basel, Switzerland" "learning. As a result of this research, many applications, including video surveillance systems" "Priyadarshini College of Engg, Nagpur, India" UNIVERSITY OF OULU P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 UNIVERSITY OF OULU FINLAND Multimedia Laboratory at The Chinese University of Hong Kong "The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China" "Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China" "B.Sc., University of Science and Technology of China" "Ilmenau Technical University, P.O.Box 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany" "c School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania" "puter Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore (e-mails" "Intelligent Systems Lab Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam" "Netherlands, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands" "School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China" "MIT, McGovern Institute, Center for Brains, Minds and Machines" "Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands" "IES College of Technology, Bhopal" "Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China" "Solapur University, INDIA" "Multimedia University (MMU), Cyberjaya, Malaysia" "School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China" "ColumbiaUniversity, NY, USA" "School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave" "Inst. Neural Computation, University of California" "Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg" "Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, ESAT/VISICS" "additional details of DCS descriptors, including visualization. For extending the evaluation" "North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND58105, USA" University: Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology "H. He, Honkong Polytechnic University" "Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China" IstanbulTechnicalUniversity "HOD, St. Joseph College of Information Technology, Songea, Tanzania" "System Research Center, NOKIA Research Center, Beijing, 100176, China" "Texas AandM University, College Station, TX, USA" "of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540. E-mail" "Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA" "School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China" "Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan" "Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education" "School of Optics and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing" "Doctor of Philosophy in Computing of Imperial College, February" Bharath Institute of Science and Technology "Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A" "Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China" Funding was provided by the U.S. National Institutes of Mental "Human Interface Technology Lab New Zealand, University of Canterbury, New Zealand" "image being generated by the model, include Active Appearance" "Queen Mary, University of London" "Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montr eal, Qu ebec, Canada" "State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil" "Lecturer, Amity school of Engineering and Technology, Amity University, Haryana, India" UNIVERSITY OF OULU GRADUATE SCHOOL Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database "School of Software, Tianjin University" "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore" University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China" "Center for Automation Research, UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park" "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, China" "KTH, Royal Institute of Technology" "Public University of Navarra, Spain" "School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an China" "School of Data of Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, P.R. China" "Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China" "Dextro Robotics, Inc. 101 Avenue of the Americas, New York, USA" "Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad [Autonomous" "College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China, 2 School of Information, Kochi University" "Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chi" "University of Colorado at Colorado Springs and Securics, Inc., Colorado Springs, CO, USA" "Technical University in Prague, Technick a 2, 166 27 Prague 6 Czech Republic" Bo gazi ci University Autonomous University of Barcelona Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI "University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (UMICH.EDU" "versity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam and University of Trento" "Minia University, Egypt" "The University of Queensland, School of ITEE, QLD 4072, Australia" "Psychopharmacology Unit, Educational and Health Psychology, University College" "National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8560, Japan" "a Institute of Anatomy I, School of Medicine, Friedrich Schiller University, Germany" "Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China" B.S.Abdur Rahman University B.S.Abdur Rahman University The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI Link to publication from Aalborg University Institute for Advanced Computer Studies "The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA" Biometric Research Center "Institute of Systems Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China" "Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain" "Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA" "School of E.C.E., National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, Greece" "Shenzhen Key Lab of CVPR, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology" "Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore" "GREYC Laboratory, ENSICAEN - University of Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS" "Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China" NSS College of Engineering "National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China" "KU Phonetics and Psycholinguistics Lab, University of Kansas" "College of Science, Menou a University, Menou a 32721, Egypt" "recognition, such as human computer interfaces and e-services, including e-home" University Lecturer Anu Soikkeli "School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University" "College of Engineering, Purdue University" Stevens Institute of Technology Adobe Systems Inc "EIMT, Open University of" "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA" "School of Computing and Communications Infolab21, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4WA, UK" "College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China, 2 School of Information, Kochi University" The Chinese University ofHong Kong "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University" "Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, New York" Funding was provided by the U.S. National Institutes of Mental "Institute of Computing Technology, CAS" "Center for Sensor Systems (ZESS) and Institute for Vision and Graphics#, University of Siegen" "Srm Easwari Engineering College, Ramapuram, Bharathi Salai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India" "Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and" "Language Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA" K S Rangasamy College of Technology "Minia University, Egypt" "Suhaila N. Mohammed, Baghdad University, College of Science, Baghdad, Iraq" "The University of Queensland, School of ITEE, QLD 4072, Australia" "Technical University in Prague, Technick a 2, 166 27 Prague 6 Czech Republic" "Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China" Language Technologies Institute "Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg" "Center for Healthy Aging, University of" "School of Business, Aalto University, Finland" "School of Computer Software, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China" "M.S. (University of California, Berkeley" Multimedia Laboratory at The Chinese University of Hong Kong "The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China" "Doctoral School of Automatic Control and Computers, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Romania" "Information Technology, Madras Institute of Technology, TamilNadu, India, email" D.J. Sanghvi College of Engineering "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China" "cid:63)Sharif University of Technology, University College London, Queen Mary University of London" eBay Research Labs "Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Street, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietman" UNIVERSITY OF OULU P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 UNIVERSITY OF OULU FINLAND "IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China" "SBK Women s University, Quetta, Balochistan" "College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China" "Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China" High Institute of Medical Technologies Nam k Kemal University Institute for Neural Computation "Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 12210 Athens, Greece" USC Institute for Creative Technologies "Intelligent Information Engineering and Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan" "Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-844, Rep. of" "H. He, Honkong Polytechnic University" "Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wind Generator and Its Control, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, China" University Lecturer Veli-Matti Ulvinen "Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, Beijing, 100190, China" "Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China" Systems and Telematics - Neurolab UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCE DARMSTADT (FHD "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213, USA" "Informatics and Telematics Institute, Centre of Research and Technology - Hellas" "Psychology, American University" "Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China" "Texas AandM University, College Station, TX, USA" "Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon-Tyne NE21XE, UK" Islamic Azad University of AHAR "University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (UMICH.EDU" "ISLA Lab, Informatics Institute" "Vision and Sensing, HCC, ESTeM, University of Canberra" University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial ful llment "Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL" "Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu" Vietnam National University Ho Chi "Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per., 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia" Carnegie Melon University "Graduate Institute ofNetworking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan" "University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece" "University of Caen, France" "University of Southampton, UK, 2University of Warwick, UK" "B.Sc., University of Science and Technology of China" "to visually detectable changes in facial appearance, including blushing and tears. These" "School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand" "Institute ofInformation Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan" "a Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Market, Suite 380, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA" "Honda RandD Americas, Inc., Boston, MA, USA" B. S. Rochester Institute of Technology "College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq" Bharath Institute of Science and Technology "School of E.C.E., National Technical University of Athens, 15773 Athens, Greece" "National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES-FAST), Islamabad, Pakistan" "Priyadarshini College of Engg, Nagpur, India" "School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China" "Faculty of Computer, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran" "Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education" "Psychonomic Society, Inc" "Doctor of Philosophy in Computing of Imperial College, February" "North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND58105, USA" "Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA" "Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan" UNIVERSITY OF OULU GRADUATE SCHOOL "University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK" "The American University In Cairo, Road 90, New Cairo, Cairo, Egypt" "Montefiore Institute, University of Li ge, 4000 Li ge, Belgium" ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories "Solapur University, INDIA" "Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, ESAT/VISICS" "Vision and Sensing, HCC Lab, ESTeM, University of Canberra" "Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China" "Netherlands, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands" "Integrated Research Center, Universit`a Campus Bio-Medico di Roma" "University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece, 2 Computational Biomedicine" "School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an China" "Shenzhen Key Lab of CVPR, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS" Autonomous University of Barcelona "Vision and Fusion Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany" "University Center of FEI, S ao Bernardo do Campo, Brazil" University Lecturer Anu Soikkeli "University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E8, Canada" "Institute of Systems Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China" "Assistant Lecturer, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq" "Toyota Technological Institute, Chicago (TTIC" University of California at San Diego "University of Balochistan, Quetta" "Intelligent Systems Lab Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam" "Graduate University of CAS, 100190, Beijing, China" "applications has different requirements, including: processing time (off-line, on-line, or real-time" "School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China" "Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China" "Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA" "B. Tech., Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur" "Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania" "versity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam and University of Trento" "University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 1013 Blockley Hall" College of Information and Electrical Engineering "University of Amsterdam; 2Amsterdam Brain and Cognition Center, University of" "School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China" "National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian" "Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma-shi, Nara" "IES College of Technology, Bhopal" A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial College of Engineering (Poly "Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany" "Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH" "CVAP, KTH (Royal Institute of Technology), Stockholm, SE" University: Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology "PG scholar, Communication Systems, Adhiyamaan College of Engineeing, Hosur, (India" "Ph.D Research Scholar, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India" "GSCM-LRIT, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco" "School of Optics and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing" "Inst. Neural Computation, University of California" Bo gazi ci University Biometric Research Center "face processing, including age (Berry, 1990), sex (Hill" "Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kanjirappally, India"