"Johns Hopkins University, Center for Speech and Language Processing" "Gri th University, QLD-4111, Brisbane, Australia" "Figure 1: A few results from our VRN - Guided method, on a full range of pose, including large expressions" Alan W Black (Carnegie Mellon University "Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr ucken, Germany" "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of" "Computer Science Division, The Open University of Israel" "The authors are with the Delft University of Technology, Data and Knowl" "St.Joseph s College of Engineering, Old Mamallapuram Road, Kamaraj Nagar, Semmencherry, Chennai" University of Colorado Colorado Springs "College of Engineering Pune, India" "University of Maryland, CFAR" "University of Tampere, Kanslerinnrinne 1, 33014, Tampere, Finland" "St. Xavier s Catholic College of Engineering, India" "University of Surrey, United Kingdom" "Toyota Research Institute, Cambridge, MA 2 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI" "Center for Automation Research, UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park, MD" M.S. University of Central Florida Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory Kyung Hee University "School of Games, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea" "bFaculty of Engineering, International Islamic University, Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia" "MRC Laboratory For Molecular Cell Biology, University College London" "National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan" "Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China" "cid:5)School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. 47907, USA" THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO "Faculty of Information Technology, Barrett Hodgson University, Karachi, Pakistan" "University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA" "Aalborg University, Denmark" "Wenzhou University, China" "University Street, Montral, QC H3A 0E9, Canada" "School of Software, Sun Yat-sen University, China" "Bio-Computing Research Center, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, 2 Key Laboratory of Network" "Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA" Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University "Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China" "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC" RWTH Aachen University University Drive "Smart Network System Institute, Institute for Information Industry" "Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK" "Idiap Research Institute and EPFL, 2 LIMSI, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Universit Paris-Saclay" "of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA" "Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA" College of Engineering and Mineral Resources "School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore" "University of Shef eld, Regent Court, 211 Portobello, Shef eld" "School of Mathematical Sciences, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia" "Teaching Affairs Office, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China" "School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University" "UG student, Amity school of Engineering and Technology, Amity University, Haryana, India" "Computer and Systems Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute" University of Caen "University of Groningen, Netherlands" "Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA" "School of Computer Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea" Michigan State University "University of Catania, Italy" "University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom" Princeton University "Carnegie Mellon University, Electrical and Computer Engineering" "Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan" "School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2 Sydney Medical" "subsection a table summarizing the key features of the database is provided, including (where available) the number of" "University of Tokyo, Japan" "our analysis to stereotypes beyond gender, including those" "School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China" Cornell University 2 Cornell Tech "Stanford University, USA" Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2014. All rights reserved ment. Oxford University Press Series in Affective Science. New York: Oxford College of Computer and Information Sciences "College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA" "gies (Bughin et al. 2017). A range of other sectors, includ" "he University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam" "Research Groups on Intelligent Machines, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia" "University of Pittsburgh and 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada" "Salgado de Oliveira University, Brazil" "Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, Aalto University, Finland" "Babes Bolyai University, 58-60 Teodor Mihali, C333, Cluj Napoca" "COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan" "Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University" "2Program in Neuroscience, and 3Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada" "the face, including negative affect and distress, dates" "Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia" Bilkent University "Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China" Yaroslavl State University in the College of Engineering and Computer Science "University of California, Santa Barbara" "Uber Advanced Technologies Group, 5Vector Institute" "College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China" "Turin, Italy, 3 Faculty of Humanities, Research Unit of Logopedics, Child Language Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu" IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Central Washington University "University of California, San Diego" University of Tsukuba The University of the Humanities DISI - University of Trento Savitribai Phule Pune University "College of Software Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China" "Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology" in the Graduate School of Duke University "B.S., Computer Engineering, Bo gazi ci University" "Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, NY" "School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, P.R.China" "Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India" Zhejiang University of Technology Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology Islamabad ShahidBeheshti University cThe Open University College of Information and Control Engineering in China University of Petroleum "Dr.Pauls Engineering College, Villupuram District, Tamilnadu, India" "aTurgut Ozal University, Ankara Turkey" "School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China" "DISI, University of Trento, Italy" "University of Texas at Arlington, TX, USA" "Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA" "Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China" "Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran" "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana" "Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia" "and quantify distinct social behaviors, including those involving" "College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China" The University of Nottingham Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University "The University of York, United Kingdom" "University of Science, VNU-HCMC, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam" "DPDCE, University IUAV" "University of Vigo, Spain" "Pathological anxiety is associated with disrupted cognitive processing, including working memory and" "School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen" "George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA" "Institute of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany" William Marsh Rice University "Center for Research in Computer Vision, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL" "Seattle Paci c University, Seattle, WA 98119-1957, USA" India Institute of Systems and Robotics "DUT-RU International School of Information Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China" "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tr za ska 25, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia" "University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing" "Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore" "National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland" The Allen Institute for AI "Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 2Miscrosoft Research Asian; 3Media School" The open University of Israel. 2Adience "Baidu Research, USA 3John Hopkins University" "Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or" "Viswajyothi College of Engineering and Technology Kerala, India" "Institute for Studies in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran" "University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL" Queen s University Belfast Portland State University "Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A" "University of Colorado, Colorado Springs" of Cornell University University of Texas at San Antonio "University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA" "Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology" "School of Engineering, University of Guelph" Tokyo Denki University "KTH Royal Institute of Technology, CVAP Lab, Stockholm, Sweden" Villanova University "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA" "Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University" "The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA" "School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China" "Arts, Science and Commerce College, Chopda" "D.Y.Patil Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pimpri, Pune-18, Savitribai Phule Pune University" "Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College, Pondicherry" Institute of Information Science "Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI 48823, USA" "School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China" "CISE, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL" "aCollege of Computer Science at Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, P.R.C" University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2Adobe Research "Gujarat Technological University, India" "Centre for Bioinformatics, Biomarker Discovery and Information-Based Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia, 2 Departamento de Engenharia de" "University of Dschang, Cameroon" Informatics and Telematics Institute University of West Bohemia "Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University" "Amity University, Lucknow, India" "Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT" "The Institute of Scienti c and Industrial Research, Osaka University" "The University of Nottingham, UK" Macau University of Science and Technology "Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia" Oxford University "CVIP Lab, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA" "tum Computation and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University" "Arti cial Intelligence Institute, China" "University of California, Merced, USA" University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS "New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA" "Sharif University of Technology, Tehran. Iran" "The University of Queensland, School of ITEE" "Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden" "Kingston University London, University of Westminster London" Charles Sturt University The University of Manchester "Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United" "MICC, University of Florence" "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, P.R. China" Simon Fraser University University of Buffalo "Student, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kanjirappally, India" "Computational Biomedicine Lab, University of Houston, TX, USA" "Akita Prefectural University, Yurihonjo, Japan" "Institute for Disease Modeling, Intellectual Ventures Laboratory, Bellevue, WA 98004, United States" "Fudan University, 2Microsoft Research Asia, 3University of Maryland" "School of Computer Science, South China Normal University, China" "Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, The" "Badji-Mokhtar University, P.O.Box 12, Annaba-23000, Algeria" "Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China" "bRobotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, U.S.A" "University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA" "Arts, Commerce and Science College, Gangakhed, M.S, India" "Augsburg University, Germany" "Concordia University, Computer Science and Software Engineering, Montr eal, Qu ebec, Canada" University of Brescia "University of Technology, Sydney" Seoul National University "School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada; E-Mail" "Warsaw University of Technology, Poland" Federal University of Bahia (UFBA University of Beira Interior "University of Kentucky, USA" The Hong Kong Polytechnic University "Beijing Institute of Technology University, P. R. China" "Research School of Computer Science, The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia" ICSI / UC Berkeley 2Brigham Young University "IN3, Open University of" "School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham" "The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill" "California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA" Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal "Amirkabir University of Technology, University of Southern California" "School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China, 2 School of Information" "University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA" "Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081 CHINA" West Virginia University "Education, Yunnan NormalUniversity, Kunming, China2. College of Information, Yunnan" "Polytechnic Institute of NYU, NY, USA" University of Washington 4The Allen Institute for AI "Research Scholar, CGC Group of Colleges, Gharuan, Punjab, India" "Center for Arti cial Vision Research, Korea University" "The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia" Human Interaction Research Lab University of Rochester "Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan" "Grad. School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Japan" "Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" "Center for Intelligent Machines, McGill University, 3480 University Street, Montreal, Canada H3A 2A" "Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA" Doctor of Philosophy of University College London "Technical University of Munich, Germany" "Computer Vision Lab, Delft University of Technology" "University of Missouri, Columbia, MO" "Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Crete, 73100, Greece" "School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Xi an Jiaotong University, Xi an, China" "University of Central Punjab, Pakistan" "Ryerson University, Canada" Eastern University "Calgary, 2500 University Dr., N.W. Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4. Tel" "Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), KAIST" Institute for Numerical Mathematics The University of Cambridge "Gayathri.S, M.E., Vins Christian college of Engineering" "North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China" "The Big Data Research Center, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China" Myongji University comparisons with 12 instance-based classi ers on 13 benchmark University of California Irvine Sun Yat-Sen University "Link oping University, Computer Vision Laboratory" "Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, P.R. China" Halmstad University "University of Ottawa, Ottawa, On, Canada" "School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology" "National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA" "Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok" a The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited "University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA" "Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington" "University of Oulu, Finland" "University of Genoa, Italy" "VHNSN College, Virudhunagar, ANJA College" "Clemson University, Clemson, SC" "Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA" "methods, including graph matching, optical- ow-based" "Biometric Research Center, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University" "Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany" University of Abertay "National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing 100190, P. R. China" "Queen Mary College, London" "School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi an Jiaotong University, P. R. China" UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE "School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi an Jiaotong University, Xi an, China" "Vision and Security Technology Lab, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado" "The University of Adelaide, Australia" "CISUC, University of Coimbra" "Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 3The Wellcome" Harbin Institute of Technology "Microsystems Design Lab, The Pennsylvania State University" "a The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA" "Universitat Polit cnica de Catalunya, 6 University of Vigo, 7 LIUM, University of Maine" "tion [11, 10] is making possible very large scale visual recognition both in my own ongoing work, including" International Institute of Information Technology "LCSEE, West Virginia University" "School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China" "University Bourgogne Franche-Comt , France" "Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazima usa, Northern Cyprus" University of Massachusetts - Amherst "University of T ubingen, T ubingen, Germany" "gelmeyer et al., 1996); and, increasingly, its role in reactions to" "bUniversity of Nottingham, School of Computer Science, Nottingham, UK" "School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore" "National University of Singapore, 2Shanghai Jiao Tong University" Computer Vision Laboratory. University of Nottingham "Electrical Engineering, University of" "Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA" Sabanc University "School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China" Institute of Media Innovation University of Houston "Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt" The University of North Carolina at Charlotte "Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University" "Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Tirupati, India" SUS college of Engineering and Technology "Stony Brook University, NY, USA" National Taiwan University "Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK" "Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China" "P A College of Engineering, Nadupadavu" "bSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China" "Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA" "Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland" "Sendai National College of Technology, Natori, Japan" "Visual Analysis of People Lab, Aalborg University, Denmark" "School of ICE, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China" "University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC" "University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX" University of Wollongong CVSSP University of Surrey "Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China" "Sejong University, 98 Gunja, Gwangjin, Seoul 143-747, Korea" "M.Tech, Information Technology, Madras Institute of Technology, TamilNadu, India" "Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran" "Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA" "b The Interdisciplinary Center for Research on Emotions, University of" Tongji University "PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore" "F.Ferraro, University of Rochester" "Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA" "Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran" "Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China" Tripura University (A Central University "Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece" "Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Finland" "UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park, USA" Cornell University 2Eastman Kodak Company "University of S ao Paulo, S ao Paulo, Brazil" "University of Gujrat, Pakistan" "Friedrich Schiller University, D-07740 Jena" "Ph.D student Zaid Shhedi, Doctoral School of Automatic Control and Computers, University" "Shenzhen Key Lab of Comp. Vis. and Pat. Rec., Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced" "Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology" "Benha University, Egypt" "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece" Raipur institute of technology "The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel" University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign "Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK" SungKyunKwan University UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (http://dare.uva.nl "Machine Vision Group, P.O. Box 4500, FI-90014, University of Oulu, Finland" "Research Scholar, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore" "University of Canberra, Australia, Data61 - CSIRO and ANU, Australia" Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences "USC IRIS Lab, University of Southern California" "Google, Inc" "b School of Applied Mathematics, Xidian University, Xi an, China" "Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey" at the Delft University of Technology "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA" "obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing" "Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen" "B.Eng., Nankai University" Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan College of Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology "Central Washington University, 400 E. University Way, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA" CUNY City College "Menara, 1008 Tunis; 2University of Tunis El-Manar, Tunis with expertise in Mechanic, Optics, Biophysics, Conference Master" "bTsinghua University, Beijing, China" "West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA" "Information Sciences Institute, USC, CA, USA" "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China" "School of Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada" "Machine Intelligence Lab (MIL), Cambridge University" "University of Ottawa, Canada" "Multimedia Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong" "Vision and Security Technology Lab, University of Colorado Colorado Springs" Bahcesehir University "Computer Vision Laboratory, The University of Nottingham" "Faculty of Engineering Building, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia" "Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica" "Jiangnan University, Wuxi" "Shri Shivaji College, Parbhani, M.S, India" "College Road East, Princeton, NJ" University of California San Diego "China, 2 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology" "GIT Vision Lab, http://vision.gyte.edu.tr/, Gebze Institute of Technology" University of Adelaide "c School of Computational Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA" "National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC" Swiss Federal Institute of Technology "University B.D.T.College of Engineering, Visvesvaraya" "University of Nevada, Reno, USA" "Machine Vision Lab, Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England" "University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA" "College of Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China" "Intelligent Systems Lab Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands" "School of Computer and Information Science, Chongqing Normal University 401331, China" USC Information Sciences Institute "University of Maryland, Center for Automation Research" "cFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, and Computer Science, University of Twente, The Netherlands" "College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China" "Manchester University, UK" "Allen Institute for Arti cial Intelligence (AI2), Seattle, WA" "Pattern Recognition and Bio-informatics Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, THE NETHERLANDS" "University of S ao Paulo - USP, S ao Paulo - Brazil" "Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan" Georgia Institute of Technology "University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece" "Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY 12180 USA" Iran "King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia" "School of IoT Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China" Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology "Islamic Azad University, Gonabad, Iran" "College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences" "College of Computer and Information Science, Northeastern University, Boston, USA" "School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Caoan Road 4800, Shanghai" "Monash University, Victoria, Australia" "U.S. Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD USA" "University of Northern British Columbia, Canada" "University of Nevada at Reno, USA" "Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of" "University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA" Queen Mary University Odaiyappa College of "University of Nottingham, Ningbo, China" "M.Tech Student, SSG Engineering College, Odisha, India" "Xidian University, Xi an, China" University of Minnesota University of Nebraska - Lincoln "SSESA, Science College, Congress Nagar, Nagpur, (MS)-India" Institute of Information Technology "Australian National University, 2CVLab, EPFL, Switzerland, 3Smart Vision Systems, CSIRO" "School of Computer Science, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P" "Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China" Vienna University of Technology "Imperial College London, United Kingdom" "Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, India" "School of Information and Control Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China" "Visual Geometry Group, University of Oxford, Oxford UK" "Beijing Laboratory of IIT, School of Computer Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China" "Institute of Cognitive and Behavioural Neuroscience, SWPS University of Social" "University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia" "University of Maryland-College Park, USA" Northumbria University Courant Institute and Google Research Harbin Institute of Technology;Shenzhen University "University of South Carolina, USA" Rowland Institute "Final Year, PanimalarInstitute of Technology" University of Arkansas at Little Rock "Human Development and Applied Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada" "Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ishikawa-ken 923-1211, Japan" "R.C.Patel Institute of Technology, Shirpur, Dist.Dhule.Maharashtra, India" "York University, Toronto" "Student, Computer Science, Shah and Anchor Kuttchi Engineering College, Mumbai, India" South China University of Technology "Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100022, China" University of Arizona "Sri Sunflower College of Engineering and Technology, Lankapalli" Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology "University of York, York, United Kingdom" "Proto Labs, Inc" "Human Language Technology and Pattern Recognition Group, RWTH Aachen University, Germany" The University of Sydney The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The British Computer Society. All rights reserved The Florida State University "Engineering, National Formosa University" Amirkabir University of Technology "National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Lecce" "Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences" Institute of Digital Media "Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Service, Shenzhen University, P.R. China" "Temple University, Philadelphia, USA" "University of Salzburg, Austria" "CMR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, (India" "Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA - 15213, USA" "Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA" "The Robotics Inistitute, Carnegie Mellon University" "Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA" Submitted to the Senate of the Hebrew University "Centre for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of" "Key Laboratory of Behavior Sciences, Institute of Psychology" Graz University of Technology "University of California, San Diego 2 Carnegie Mellon University" University of Sfax Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology(BUET "The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong" "Xiamen University, Xiamen, China" "CVIP Lab, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA" "Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab, India" "Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China" "Vickram College of Engineering, Enathi, Tamil Nadu, India" National Technical University of Athens "University College London, UK" Muhlenberg College "School of Mathematical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Rd. 2, Dalian" "Informatization Office, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China" Acharya Institute Of Technology "Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA" "and Southeast University, China" "The Image Processing and Analysis Lab (LAPI), Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania" "McGill University, Montreal, Canada" "State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Utica, New York" "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO" "VISLab, EBUII-216, University of California Riverside" "China Mobile Research Institute, Xuanwu Men West Street, Beijing" Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers "PG Scholar, Dr.Pauls Engineering College, Villupuram District, Tamilnadu, India" University of Tampere Drexel University "LIACS Media Lab, Leiden University, The Netherlands" Indian Institute of Technology University Institute of Engineering and Technology "Electrical Engineering LR11ESO4), University of Tunis EL Manar. Adress: ENSIT 5, Avenue Taha Hussein, B. P. : 56, Bab" University of Notre Dame "University of Massachusetts, Amherst" "iCV Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia" "Moscow State University, dept. of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics" "Rochester Institute of Technology - 83 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY USA" "College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University" "Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea" "R. Campellone, 3210 Tolman Hall, University of California, Berkeley" University of Florida "Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu" "Shanghai Jiao Tong University, CloudWalk Technology" "School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, PA 15213, USA" Tokyo Polytechnic University "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia" Hong Kong Baptist University "School of Computer and Information, Hefei University of Technology, China" Victoria University of Wellington The University of Shef eld University of Caen Basse-Normandie "Electronics And Communication Engg., Adhiyamaan College of Engg., Hosur, (India" "uses, in any current or future media, including" "Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA" Institute of Graduate Studies and Research "University of Science, VNU-HCM, Viet Nam" "Carnegie Mellon University, USA" "Electrical Eng. Dep., Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran" "Institute of Engineering and Technology, Alwar, Rajasthan Technical University, Kota(Raj" University of the Western Cape "University of California, Berkeley1 Adobe" "UMIACS, University of Maryland, College Park, MD" "e ects of di erence factors, including age group, age gap" "Governance, Keio University" National Chiao-Tung University "University, China" "Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Memphis" "University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, College Park, MD" "Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, China" "College Park, MD" "Faculty of Telecommunications, Technical University, Sofia, Bulgaria" Aristotle University of Thessaloniki GR "Faculty of ETI, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland" "University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh" "University of Oxford, United Kingdom" VelTech HighTech Dr. Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College ICMC University of S ao Paulo "b DEI - University of Padova, Via Gradenigo, 6 - 35131- Padova, Italy" "University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA" "School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran" "College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan 410004, China" "Grif th University, QLD, Australia" "Anna University Chennai, India" George Mason University "Language Technologies Institute, School of Computer Science" Shanghai Jiao Tong University The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology "York University, Toronto, Canada" University of Iowa "B. Eng., Zhejiang University" "University of Aizu, Japan" "International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India" "IKAT, Universiteit Maastricht, St. Jacobsstraat 6, 6211 LB Maastricht, The Netherlands" c(cid:13) Carnegie Mellon University "University of Queensland, Australia" "North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144 CHINA" UniversityofMaryland "AncyRijaV, Author is currently pursuing M.E (Software Engineering) in Vins Christian College of" "University of Adelaide, Australia" "Boston College; 2Psychiatric Neuroimaging Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; and 3Athinoula A. Martinos" "SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, India" Hanyang University "Computer Vision Laboratory, Link oping University, Sweden" Boston University / **Rutgers University / ***Gallaudet University "Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD" South College Road Korea Advanced institute of Science and Technology "National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C" Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences "cid:2)Honda RandD Americas, Inc., Boston, MA, USA" ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI "Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan" University of Siegen "Bharathidasan University, Trichy, India" "Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunication" Institute for Information Systems Engineering "National Institute of Informatics, Japan" "Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 508 CoRE, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ" Institute of Arti cial Intelligence and Cognitive Engineering "M.Tech Student, Mount Zion College of Engineering, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India" "Schreiber Building, room 103, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv" Stony Brook University Rowan University "University of Bari, Bari, Italy" "University of Amsterdam, University of Trento, Italy" Interactive and Digital Media Institute "University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign University of California, San Diego" Politehnica University of Timisoara "Southwest University, China" Mihaylo College of Business and Economics "Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad" "Lund University, Lund, Sweden" "Brown University, United States" "Bilkent University, 06800 Cankaya, Turkey" "Goldsmiths, University of London, UK" "University, USA" University of Central Florida "of Technology, Kochi, Japan, 3 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technology Applications, Kunming University of Science" "ACRV, The Australian National University University of Oxford QUVA Lab, University of Amsterdam" "Rochester Human-Computer Interaction (ROC HCI), University of Rochester, NY" Institute for Robotics and Intelligent "Aditya Institute of Technology And Management, Tekkali, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh" "Guide, HOD, Computer Science, Shah and Anchor Kuttchi Engineering College, Mumbai, India" College of Informatics UNIVERSITY OF TARTU "Rayalaseema University Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh" "Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China" National Institute of Development Administration "IIE, Universidad de la Rep ublica, Uruguay. 2ECE, Duke University, USA" "Copyright c(cid:3) 2017 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers" "CRCV, University of Central Florida" "RTM Nagpur University, Campus Nagpur, (MS)-India" "IBM T. 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Watson Research Center, PO Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY" "Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India" "King Saud University, KSA" Reutlingen University "Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 723 CoRE, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ" University of Milan "Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA" The University of Hong Kong "Ponti cal Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil" "College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, China" University of Frankfurt "DIEI, University of Perugia, Italy" "Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A" Jadavpur University "Collage of Sciences, Baghdad University, Iraq" The City College and the Graduate Center "Division of Computer Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do" "Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR" "University of Bonn, Roemerstrasse 164, 53117 Bonn, Germany" MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORIES "Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia" Azad University of Qazvin "Florida Institute Of Technology, Melbourne Fl" "Center for Research in Computer Vision, University of Central Florida" "Harvard University, USA" "and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China" "National Institute of Technology, Toyota College, Japan" "Ritsumeikan, University" "Dankook University, 126 Jukjeon-dong, Suji-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea" Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications "Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS, China" "University of York, York, UK" "D.Y.Patil Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pimpri, Pune" Honda Fundamental Research Labs "Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA" "University of Nottingham, UK, School of Computer Science" University of Tokyo "School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck College, University of London" "University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh" "State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY" "Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi" UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON "Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China" Huazhong Agricultural University "Computer Graphics Research Group, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany" "Nanjing University, China" "University of Akron, Akron" "TNLIST, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China"